A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
1TdE75gGQ7LcrHaV