A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
RmqLxJXQV1cSDgYD