A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
JpxFaTQ3pwemPSgs