A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
qBXv6TRtLeH1ur8Q