A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
M80BapVnDhmsaDt7