A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
eNrNmN9v2jAQx9/5K6JIeyQO0KZlClQbgw2pVRkFbdrLZJILmAY79Q9K99fPAarCFChzaqkPkRLbubPP33zu4vBqtUidJXBBGG25Nc93HaARiwmdttzxqFe9dK/alXCOl3hnmB7n1QLXiVIsRMvNe70JYCq8nzfXX0C/D9xtV5yQTeYQyb1xSpLU+4bF7AZn+RgnXDISOwuQMxa33EzJdasTCsn1LNqPjN+LDEcQom3Lbi+e/g6CwA/Ozne7Q5TbPMG4EsCvMZ0W2gZqZDNSnAOVHSxhyvjT0WkHdSMXRAxBMMUjGGA5G3C2JDHEhZ4SnAowcpI8xnfAlynI3EmhcTSPFsLIOJ7j1RAe+sWT/qR7O3Ilq361dlG7aDYu/cBv1ptGrvhOqAq95YtALzuCgKK9pvPzvEllKcMxilkkEFngKaB5BlNU9+uNql9DkRD5pYV6D9ybi8xwYweMS5xa2lIiOvvitOSHw8Or0omJyFL8VCZUmGPdDVyTxN5C8hWMuGZbqmP2j32q0hT956zHW+RYmnFOtA5TVB4gT29oGogOoxJWR3a0u5I6TiDNqClXW1ESEIX2jcz+YbQ4cQzUJCWRKRg1uhQIOR72j4cCvSu2fMYCxtweXH4QGrNH8fbQ2tWGpdlna+4eTdaNS+Mv8peW4YFc11WcZYA0zIgow6g+TVhZOmllF5t61vX7UPK6amMRTuFA3VY1pJyW8HO1ae0jsfcBbjoKjX7tjky19V0Bf7pbPxaaJnGrZDUbWU0sWtOvLUErsqWvD/Vepp+lp+9LMOSkwv+sYaZ8XoyomZSZ+IgQbCPlkSQD6iXcdia6eqvYacq/yMDeH43dImZT3W1gb2kNk00ON1WBKQVOLnjKlvXb97e/D4XOJFdQYns2mcMa3/vdt08ZLzW9tWkP9thlz8267MaSMGqrkFOTYsjnmKs1DQ+K9L7SHtfwuE0ScuAs6qAuQ7Q5B2tXQpSfgbUrfwGhn2TF
S0Ga5KwmeYyhPKPQ