A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
XrvLtJfwbm4R7L5W