A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
NxJ1r2BHjdrpZ6Wh