A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
xB2N42jEaPJd9U2d