A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
eNrFWFFv2jAQfudXRJG2t8QE2tBugWpjsCG1GqNFm/YymeQCThM7tR2g+/VzgK4wBdqZWpUQSmznu/P583dnBxfLLLXmwAVhtG17bt22gIYsInTatsc3fefMvujUggTP8dYwNc71fNsKUyxE2y573QlgKtwfV5efQH0P3O7UrIBNEgjlzrhCktT9gsXsCuflGCuYMxJZGcgZi9p2XshVqxUIyZUXnQXjtyLHIQRo07Ldi6e/fN+v+yen290BKjGfAV4I4JeYTiuxgWphhgXnQGUXS5gyfn/Qbb+hZYKIEQhW8BCGWM6GnM1JBFGlpRinArSMxIvoGvg8BVkaqQRHSZgJLXCc4OUI7gbVTn9QvV25lE7d8Vpe67zhn9ab3pmnZYpvharSWjkJ9LgiCCiqaCIZnoJACU4JE4iEjKqX8qe4eQvcVQ+aazlkXOLU0CoS0d3loyE7HO6eZEtERJ7i+2NChTlW3cCVeJibSDmDG67kLFUx+wefFmmK/tPr8UZlDHlciliXFVTuEZv+SDcQXUYlLA+saG8pVZxA6gmlXG5ISUBU4mvB/ma0OlcMi0lKQl0tVGpVgJDj0eBwKNBry8lHLGDMzenJd0IjthAvr1PbdDDkfb6S2oMpuXmmvQl/KubtyWi9grMckNIvIo6RpQGN2bGCpMhcDfVA5Vcj76ocYyFOYU9B5mhqmWLtQxlpbF+Y23PrjkrQz70bXTp9K4DfX69eK6FJ1D6yTA2Npg9F46emkIh2It40+imZqP9EMMrzULHzLc7y97udGctUkfT3wZEkgzKTOAsiZ06EJXa881bdadSbdYVwhPo862Bw0tTbQLxa3GZS5uIdQrAJuEviHKgbcwNp6+Jg1F8n8iq7PHLR3HnJbL20LiTXScbQHCbr2kGXQ7pS9Oza6tgTxOb7zUml0pjkBRyxPOv0ZSzJDHovn7cejw/G3B7uKJ85M6sKH0vCqKkCsphUIoalSHrnmtdQal1pnyvx+BrHZM9N115eBmh9y9apBai8YevU/gBQuIfF
R6S89f55xC0LaWsK