A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
eNrFWFFv2jAQfudXRJG2t8SBtlC2QLUx2JBajdGiTXuZTHIBp4md2Q7Q/fo5QFeYAu2cupMQSnzO3fnu83dn+xerNLEWwAVhtGPXXc+2gAYsJHTWsSc3A+fcvujW/Bgv8M40Nc+tN20rSLAQHbuQulPAVLjfri4/gPoeuN2tWT6bxhDIvXm5JIn7CYv5Fc6KOZa/YCS0UpBzFnbsLJfrUcsXkisvukvGb0WGA/DRdmRXimc/ms2m1zw92xX7qND5BOW5AH6J6axUN1AtnUHOOVDZwxJmjN8ddbvZ0DJBxBgEy3kAIyznI84WJISw1FKEEwFaRqJleA18kYAsjJQqR3GQCi3lOMarMfwcljv9Tkl7ciUdz6m36q3G+dlpy2s39ILFd0JVaq1YBHrICAKKdodaba8YCoRAcfFTWLwF7qoHzdyNGJc4MZQ1Inr7+DNkh8PPR9EREpEl+K5KqDDHSgxckYW5hRQruOGKvhIVs7/00zxJ0D96PdmyiiGPC9LqsZzKA+QyGOsGoseohNWRjPZXUsUJpB4xytUWlAREqX4ttb8YLa8No3yakECX+xQ75SDkZDw8Hgr00vTxHguYcHP88ZXQkC3F8/PSbvoNeZ+tqfVoyT0519503xXSDlSsfs5ZBkjxFRFVaGhII1aVgBR4y1XdQ/fFwLpur1iAEzjQYDmaXKVQet8WGtsH5vbYRlCq9GP/Rhc+X3Lgd9fr11LVJOxUbDsDo+VBwfaxJcSiE4tXjUFCpuo/FozyLFDofI3T7O2+MGWpaoL+PDiSpFBUCmdJ5NwJscROvd3ynIZ34ikNFdjmSY3+6YneBuLlZDaXMhNvEIJtwF0SZUDdiD9DWbo4GuX/E2lVPR6wZ+68Y7b/2TSGmyJiaA3TTW+gixld6nlyr1T1RLD9fnvyKDUmeQ4V0rMpV8aKyrD//HXq4ThgzO3RHtOZM7Pu2LEkjJpqEPNpqcagIMV6W/MaSeWVDrgij89RRA7cVB3EpY82t2Tdmo+KG7Ju7Te7PG8t
mSwS2Q3fhD040p8Q