A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
EJqEj6PjtBXUeB8s