A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
9brT1XRGu1A0zxyP