A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
zBTqY5VrVbwqyJHb