A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
LmXa9ktFbRtE0Hf2