A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
BmBYCqR9yrKQPCCZ