A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
wKxKFvCP89JtkZuB