A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
7U0kjG7rxaHCEsJD