A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
r6BqnbUwBgGNxRCY