A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
jnhY5hxVStyc7TVg