A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
uYNVhMw5hDmd2kEH