A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
QZgd7HUdSj3Y8XyB