A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
9B94HpvHSsGU6gJG