A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
ppjsGKscRfNVptgc