A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
d3SM37EfeH6SNMx0