A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
eNrVWE1z2jAQvfMrPL5j8ZGY0DFkWkpaZpIpJWHa6SUj7LWRKyRHkoH011fGZEI6hhIRHXK0Jb1d7T69XSm4XC+oswQhCWc9t+k1XAdYyCPCkp47vbuqX7iX/VqQ4iXemabneU3fdUKKpey5xag3A8yk9/Pm+jPo9SDcfs0J+CyFUL2YlytCva9Yzm9wVsxxgiUnkbMANedRz81ytfnrBFIJ7UV/xcVvmeEQArT9szuKk3vf9xv+2fnucIAKzCPAcwniGrOkEhuYEWaYCwFMDbCChIvHg277LSMTRE5A8lyEMMZqPhZ8SSKIKi3FmEowMhKvolsQSwqqMFIJjtJwIY3AcYrXE3gYVTv9UY8O1FrVG/Vmp9npnvmdbvvc941MiZ1QVVorNoGeM4KAoTyjHEco4qFEZIETQGkGCWo1Wu16o7PZNgrv/U6j1W10j1iAs4wSiNQcxIJ7aZYYpn3MhcLUUsKJHLykriU7Ah7+S6yIyIziRy+VmWmosMB6GITWGXsbKXZwJ7TyUR2zf/BZTil6pdfTrSBZ8rjQuwHPmdqjS1cT00AMOFOwPpDR4VrpOIEy01S13pKSgKzEN4L9w1l1WRnnM0pCU9nUwpaDVNPJ6HAo0DtSnk9YwlTYk54fhEV8Jd9e0naZY8n7bKPKBwt9+8L4vP7SJN1TJ4e54BkgLXVEnqJgIxbzU7VL874a6on174Hnm36Qh5jCno6wbqiQmuBPfay1I2TveJYDlaBfhnemzPueg3i83XxWQpOod2KfHFotSprxe7fw+vNTishRt4azthm5RbVGzZXK5AeEYBsMj8QZMC8W77JQ7TQi9i5Gdrudsg0sdd/SHmZlOTflg+mRP7ozOrX/367f3jMqjSmRwwnpKcuENTEfDd++Pjw3/9bcHr9QMXtmNv05VoQzWz1dPqtEDAsNbHYN35t0XtmV0OLxLY7JnietvbwMUPmc1q8FqHhK69f+AreKeiI=
seCjq3x3MJdhPvCb