A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
5wQCT8ars0662WXr