A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
Xj8HJhLhy9Qudu4H