A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
v3mCN2p6xM3e9s9f