A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
ax7cAj40jsuSmKNg