A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
fQ0JcAEKhgqMHYKA