A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
7wsaJUgYEfWBn8su