A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
GqzGrGy7Pu6GpSjt