A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
5szzVYtvsmfmSz2c