A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
wKxKFvCP89JtkZuB