A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
J6w6DfwE6Hk45HNz