A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
Z3gXVWBqPjBAx811