A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
vE0zNLBMqtCSYWLL