A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
eFdR65HmnmFtLWaT