A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
aDv8q85jYE5xs2Wa