A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
kAfx906hZM7xLgHf