A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
nmBmpB8tdMnQ4K6W