A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
eNrNWF1v2jAUfedXRHknJkDTdgpUG6MbUqsyCtq0l8okN2CW2qntULpfPyehLd0Ma00t8Yhtzv30uScOz1a3qbMELgijHdf3Gq4DNGIxobOOOxmf10/cs24tXOAl3jimznl+4DpRioXouMWuNwVMhffj8uIzqP8Dd7s1J2TTBUTyxblcktT7isX8EmfFGSdcMhI7tyDnLO64WS7LVScUkisvuveM/xIZjiBE65XNXTy7CYKgEbSPNrdDVGC+AjwXwC8wnWmxgRphRjnnQGUPS5gx/rDT7aBpZIKIEQiW8wiGWM6HnC1JDLHWUoJTAUZGkvv4GvgyBVkY0YKjRXQrjMDxAq9GcDfQO/1R7fbkStYbdf/YP2757VbzqOm3jUzxjVRprRVBoOeKIKBlXCi6CY4bzdNm+2nl6ZD/z1K7VSxlypiqPZbqnhhWdsi4xKmlmhLRe9mdluxwuPtv78REZCl+8BYiM00V5lhtA1dUYi+QIoIxV+SWqpz9hU/zNEVv9Hqy5hxLHheU1mM5lVuo53xkmogeoxJWOyraX0mVJ5BmtClX66YkILT4RrC/GdVPjmE+TUlkyoyKu3IQcjIa7E4FOixy+YQFTLg9dvlOaMzuxfuz1mZzWPI+K4l357hunRhfyZ+qD7dMu37OWQZIsRkR+5DUgCZsX3pSra2HemzsA2nlUrixCKewRbrVDXlO9fCj4LR2S+zdwGpDC/qlPzZtrm858Ifr8qcWmsSdPQVtZHW0qKbeGsLbr0jFE6+S9+2WWXNzPQ3NpczEB4RgnQyPJBlQL+GHOm42FIO9jxS7sqTSaxV7W4phWg1l05Kb3upXS5h9hfr6/+sPAq0xyXPYozzVJLDG14P++4+AZ5Vuze3hC6KyZ6YU0iVN2FJm+VSLGBV05Z8avv2outJzrsjjKknIluelrX0Zouppq1sLUfGs1a39AYOETyQ=
kWzKK98yLdwEGF9J