A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
bNEYCPBtCjGrYJc7