A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
mHPXGhvj3U7Fe4QK