A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
hRzHgj3jE9nF4fnF