A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
uLcN0r18cmrxTgJa