A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
yvL29Ug5zLceX5jd