A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
1pPUpnLXb80xaSMU