A strong need for a better understanding of electrolyte systems was identified for the recovery of waste metals from catalysts or batteries:
The french CNRS has created a group of researchers that focus on hydrometallurgical processes, called Prométhée, of which the IFPEN thermodynamics department is a part of.
European Federation of Chemical Engineers:
The Thermodynamics and Transport Properties working party has strongly contributed in promoting and defining the scope of the JIP
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
V310LaJeRn8mCPKv